How do plane of a wing work and what are there function.

From : Don Stackhouse

That's a very broad question, and a complete answer to all of the various facets of that question can (and does) fill quite a few books. Can you be just a little more specific about exactly what it is about the wing's function you want to know?

The short answer is that a wing makes lift. That lift force opposes the force of gravity to hold the plane up. In steady, level flight the wing's lift is exactly equal and opposite to the plane's weight.

The wing makes lift by grabbing air and shoving it down. It's that old Newton's Third Law, the one about how every action has an equal and opposite reaction. When the wing shoves air downwards, the air shoves back, pushing the wing (and the rest of the plane that's attached to that wing) upwards.

The way that the wing grabs the air in order to do this downward shoving is due to a difference in the air pressure between the top and bottom of the wing. This phenomon is described in detail by something called "Bernoulli's Theorem", which was developed in the 1730's by the famous Swiss chemist and mathematician Daniel Bernoulli. Bernoulli's Theorem explains (at least in part) how, due to the shape of the wing and the angle at which the air is striking it (called the "angle of attack", and noted in aeronautical engineering by the Greek letter alpha), the air flowing over the top of the wing flows faster than the air flowing under the bottom of the wing, and therefore how the air flowing over the top has less pressure against the wing than the air on the bottom. This difference in pressure pushes the air down (creating something we call "downwash" behind the wing) and pulls the wing up (creating lift).

That's the short answer covering just the bare basics, but you could literally spend a lifetime learning and mastering the details.

Don Stackhouse
DJ Aerotech